艾滋病相关的巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎发生视网膜脱离的危险 John H. Kempen, MD, MPH, MHS; Douglas A. Jabs, MD, MS; James P. Dunn, MD; Sheila K. West, PhD; James Tonascia, PhD 目的:比较511名艾滋病患者中用ganciclovir植入物或全身药物治疗的视网膜脱离的发生率,并描述高度积极的抗反转录病毒治疗对视网膜脱离发生率的影响。
对象和方法:对一个治疗中心中合并巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎的艾滋病患者从诊断视网膜炎开始进行前瞻性研究发生视网膜脱离的情况。在诊断巨细胞病毒视网膜炎后收集患者和各眼别的临床和人口学数据。记录随诊过程中使用抗巨细胞病毒和抗反转录病毒治疗以及对高度积极的抗反转录病毒治疗的免疫反应。
结果:不管是将全身抗巨细胞病毒治疗作为首次还是接下来的治疗,全身药物治疗和ganciclovir植入物治疗组间视网膜脱离发生率没有显著性差异。高度积极的抗反转录病毒治疗可以降低60%视网膜脱离发生率(P<0.001),而且观察到其免疫反应的收益最大。
结论:我们的结果提示对患有巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎的艾滋病患者用ganciclovir植入物治疗与全身使用抗巨细胞病毒治疗相比不会增加视网膜脱离的危险。然而,应用高度积极的抗反转录病毒治疗可能减少视网膜脱离的发生率。
Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:33-40
Retinal Detachment Risk in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Related to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
John H. Kempen, MD, MPH, MHS; Douglas A. Jabs, MD, MS; James P. Dunn, MD; Sheila K. West, PhD; James Tonascia, PhD
Objectives To compare the incidence of retinal detachment in patients treated with the ganciclovir implant compared with those treated using systemic therapy only, among 511 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and to describe the influence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on retinal detachment incidence.
Patients and Methods All patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis at 1 center were followed up prospectively from CMV retinitis diagnosis for incidence of retinal detachment. Patient- and eye-specific data regarding demographic and clinical characteristics were collected at the time of CMV retinitis diagnosis. Use of anti-CMV and antiretroviral treatments and the development of an immunologic response to HAART during follow-up were recorded.
Results No significant difference in the rate of retinal detachment was found between eyes treated with systemic therapy only and those treated with ganciclovir implants, whether used as primary therapy or subsequent to using systemic anti-CMV therapy. The use of HAART was associated with a 60% reduction in retinal detachment rate (P<.001), with the greatest benefit observed among patients who developed an immunologic response to HAART.
Conclusions Our results suggest that there is no substantial excess risk of retinal detachment when patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis are treated with ganciclovir implants as opposed to systemic anti-CMV therapy only. However, the use of HAART in these patients appears to reduce the risk of retinal detachment substantially.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:33-40
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