| 目的：探讨青光安对慢性高眼压兔筛板结构及功能的影响。
方法：健康白兔30只，体重2.5-3.0kg，雌雄不拘。每组6只兔12眼，分为5组，分别为：A--正常空白组、B--模型组、C--青光安组、D--噻吗心安组、E--青光安联合噻吗心安组，用物理方法建立慢性高眼压模型。分别于造模前、造模后当时测1次眼压，造模后第1周内3天测1次眼压，第2周、第5周各测1次眼压。第5周处死家兔取视乳头及周围组织然后修剪得筛板组织，用免疫组化方法测Ⅳ型胶原纤维(collegan Ⅳ)平均光密度值，并在光镜及电镜下观察组织结构的变化。
结果：40只眼造模后高眼压状态（眼压＞22mmHg）可维持1周以上，成功建立慢性高眼压模型。模型组造模后当时、1周、2周、5周眼压均＞22mmHg。造模后5周时各组眼压进行比较：青光安组与模型组相比无明显差异（P>0.05），与其他治疗组及正常组相比有极显著差异（P<0.01）；噻吗心安组与联合组眼压相比无明显差异（P>0.05），并且两组与正常组眼压相比亦无明显差异（P>0.05）。造模后5周正常组Ⅳ型胶原纤维平均光密度值与联合组相比无显著差异（P>0.05），与其他三组相比有极显著差异（P<0.01）；联合组与青光安组、噻吗心安组及模型组相比有极显著差异（P<0.01）。光镜、电镜结果表明：与模型组比较，治疗组巩膜筛板部纤维走向基本有序，无断裂、水肿，神经细胞胞浆内线粒体大致正常，其中各组筛板结构病理改变程度由大到小依次为：噻吗心安组、青光安、联合治疗组。
结论：青光安混悬液对慢性高眼压筛板结构有保护作用，其降压效应较弱，所以可能是通过改善视网膜微循环起到筛板组织保护的作用,从而达到保护视神经的作用。从本实验可见青光安联合噻吗心安明确降压后对筛板组织结构保护作用更为明显，但机制尚需进一步探索。
关键词：慢性高眼压、动物模型、青光安、Ⅳ型胶原纤维、筛板
Experimental Study about the Effect of the Structure and Function on Lamina Cribrosa in Rabbit Eye with Chronic Hypertension
Qinghua Peng Xiaojing LI
(Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Changsha China ,410007)
Abstract
Objetctive: To investigate the effect of QingGuangAn Suspel.(QGAS) on the structure and function of lamina cribrosa in rabbit eyes with chronic hypertention.
Method: 30 healthy rabbits were divided into 5 groups randomly and there are 6 rabbits in every group.A is the normal controls and fed up normal sodium;B was the model group;C was treated with QGAS;D was treated with Timolol Meleate Eye Drops;E was treated with the two drugs. The chronic intraocular hypertension model was established physically.We measured IOP 1 time before and after modeling and 2 times 1 week later and 1 time 2 weeks and 5 weeks later respectively.After 5 weeks we measured the quantity of collegan Ⅳ in lamina cribrosa with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and observd the structure of lamina cribrosa with light microscope and electron microscope.
Result: There are 40 eyes with hypertension (IOP＞22mmHg) for over 1 week.The chronic intraocular hypertension model has established successfully.5 weeks later in IOP there is no evident difference in B and C,but has significant difference in B and the other treatment groups and A.There is no difference in D,E and A.Concerning average optical(AO) of collegan Ⅳ there is no difference in E and A,but the other three groups has significant difference with A extremely.The results of the light microscope and electron microscope indicate in comparision with B fiber direction is in order basically and no fragmentation and edema and most of the mitochondria in nerve cells is normal in the treatment groups especially group E.
Conclusion: QingGuangAn Suspel. can protect the structure of lamina cribrosa. QGAS’s effect of depressurization is feeble,so it may work through ameliorate retina microcirculation.Especially when both QGAG and Timolol were given the treatment groups ,the ptotection function is more manifest,but the mechanism is not very clear.
Keywords: Chronic hypertension Animal model QingGuangAn Suspel. Collegan Ⅳ lamina cribrosa
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