| Background: To investigate the dynamic changes in the anterior segment of patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).
Methods: AAU was diagnosed in 18 patients according to history and ocular examinations. UBM was performed and the results at three time points, namely within 2 weeks, between 2 and 4 weeks and 6 weeks after the uveitis attack, were analyzed. The relationship between clinical manifestations and UBM findings were also evaluated.
Results: All investigated patients with AAU showed severe ciliary injection, numerous dust Keratic Precipitates (KP), aqueous flare and cells, and were treated predominantly with corticosteroid and cycloplegic eye drops. UBM showed a large number of cells in the anterior and posterior chamber, marked edema and exudates in and around the iris-ciliary body within 2 weeks after AAU onset. These abnormalities improved dramatically at 2 and 4 weeks and almost disappeared at 6 weeks and thereafter.
Conclusion: UBM reveals severe inflammatory changes in and around the ciliary body in patients with AAU. These signs rapidly resolve upon treatment.
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