The anti-VEGF Therapy with different molecules starts a new era in the treatment of wet AMD, in which most of patients improved their vision following intravitreal injections. However, we still face more challenges in treatment of wet and dry AMD. For wet AMD, better drug delivery methods are needed to reduce the frequency of intravitreal administration. For dry AMD, the mechanisms are still not clear. Genetic findings in AMD need to be confirmed in different populations. The animal models for dry AMD are needed. More details in biological changes of the RPE-Bruch’s membrane-choriocapillaris complex in aging and AMD need to be revealed. The role of inflammation and complement pathways should be established in the disease process. The development of new prevention or treatment approaches for dry AMD is a high priority.