Methods  AIDS patients diagnosed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）in China were recruited consecutively by Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January to December in 2011, and they were interviewed, examined by the researchers.Visual acuity ,intraocular pressure, anterior segment and ocular fundus were examined by the ophthalmologist using autorefraction，slit lamp-microscopes,NCT, direct ophthalmoscopy and camera for fundus examination as enlarge the pupil. CD4⁺T lymphocyte count were detected in the lab.The diagnose of blind and low vision were used World Health Organization(WHO）vision loss evaluation standard. Layered by the CD4⁺T lymphocyte count, age,et al, we adopted clinical epidemiology to analyse the correlation of eye disease on newly diagnosed AIDS patients . The chi-square test was used between the groups of rate comparison. Results  Of the 315 cases of  AIDS patients, 281 were male and 34 were female, with an average age of 40.72 ±13.33 years old.The positive > 5.0% of eye diseases of the crowd were cataract (6.35%) , CMVR (7.30%), corneal disease (14.60%) , retinal disease (including CMVR) (14.60%), refractive error(26.34%), conjunctival disease(40.32%) and dry eye(74.92%). According to the WHO vision loss standard A, The positive of vision loss  from moderate to severe among the patients over 50 years old were increasing  along with age (trend X² = 4.153, p = 0.042). According to the standard B, below 59 years old, from 60 to 69 years old, and over 70 years old among the patients, the monocular blindness, vision loss were increasing as elder(trend X² = 85.732, p = 0.000). Along with the CD4 ⁺ T lymphocyte count reducing, the retinal disease were increaseing statistically (trend X² = 9.872, p = 0.002)； Conclusions  The newly diagnosed  AIDS patients in Shanghai, retinal disease (include CMVR) were increasing as CD4⁺T lymphocyte count decreasing.As the CD4⁺ T lymphocyte count below 99/µl we should strengthen the CMVR screening in order to prevent and control the damage of the visual function,to explore  promote eye health strategies and measures of AIDS patients.