| 目的 在糖尿病的不同病程通过透射电镜从组织病理学角度观察糖尿病大鼠发生脉络膜病变的时间、超微结构改变等，分析它与视网膜病变之间的关系。方法 选取健康雄性wistar大鼠，随机分成糖尿病和正常对照组，用链脲佐菌素（STZ）小剂量多次注射诱导1型糖尿病模型。分别于动物模型建立后2周、1月、2月和3月，用4％多聚甲醛心脏灌注处死大鼠(每个时间点各处死5只大鼠)，制作视网膜脉络膜全层超薄切片，透射电镜观察。处死大鼠前每周测血糖、尿糖各1次。结果 随着糖尿病病程发展，视网膜及脉络膜毛细血管的改变加重，表现为内皮细胞、周细胞基底膜损害，内皮细胞及周细胞核变形，血管管腔变形、狭窄、闭塞，内皮细胞之间间隙增大等。结论 糖尿病的视网膜病变及脉络膜病变是同时存在的，1型糖尿病脉络膜病变的发生略迟于视网膜病变。
【Abstract】 Object To Investigate when the choroidopathy happen and the ultrastructure of the choroidopathy in diabetic rats, and to analysis its relation with the diabetic retinopathy. Methods 30 wistar rats were randomly divided into test group and control group. In test group every rat was injected streptoztocin in tail vein, 30mg／kg every week for 4 weeks to induce diabetes .In 2 weeks ,1 month, 2 months, and 3 months after diabetic rats have been induced, each group(5 rats every time) were perfused with 4% formaldehydum polymerisatum and fixed. Ultrathin sections of retina and choroids were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results With the developing of the diabete course, capillaries in retina and choroids were changed. Endothelial cells, mural cells, basement membrane were found lesions, nucleus of endothelial cells and mural cells were deformed. Lumen of blood vessels were deformed, constricted and emphraxis. The interspace of endothelial cells were enlarged. Conclusions Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic choroidopathy may exist at the same time, but the time when they happen may be different. Our observation show that diabetic choroidopathy was later happened than diabetic choroidopathy. |
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