目的 研究甘肃省6-18岁视力低常中小学生散光发生情况、散光类型、散光轴向分布及散光程度.
方法 采用横断面调查设计,对甘肃省6个区县9933名19866眼静态屈光状态进行采集,输入专项应用程序,用SPSS13.0软件对散光状态进行统计分析.
结果 本组资料散光≥0.5DC者10849眼占受检眼数的54.61%；其中双眼散光3828例，单眼散光3193例，分别占受检人数的38.54% 和32.15%；散光类型：6岁、7岁儿童以复性远视散光居多，分别为57.84%和37.14%，8-18岁各年龄组均以复性近视散光为主，随年龄增长构成由8岁的44.79%逐渐增至18岁的84.43%；散光轴向：所有类型散光眼均以顺规散光为主占79.12%,其次为逆规散光, 占12.03%,斜轴散光最少,占8.85%。散光程度：0.50～1.00DC占68.09%;～2.00DC占19.69%;～3.00DC占5.91%;～4.00DC占3.18%;>4.00DC占3.13%。
结论  中散光构成54.61%，散光是造成甘肃省6-18岁中小学生视力低常的常见原因。散光类型7岁以下年龄组以复性远视散光居多，≥8各年龄组均以复性近视散光为主。所有类型散光眼轴向均以顺规散光为主。散光程度以0.50～1.00DC最多见。
The Investigate and study of the astigmatism static in the Gansu Province among 6-18 years old elementaryand middle school students who has low vision
Objective To study the occurrence of astigmatism, astigmatism type,distribution and astigmatism axis distrubution and astigmatism power in the Gansu Province among 6-18 years old elementary and middle school students who has refractive defect.
Methods Using cross-sectional survey design, collect static refractive state data of 19866 eyes among 9933 students in six cities and counties in Gansu Province. The collected data was then entered into SPSS13.0 software for astigmatism statistical analysis. Carry out ciliary muscle paralysis optometry among 6-18 years old elementary and middle school students who has refractive defect: ≥ 12 years of age, useing the compound tropicamide eye drops on both eyes, 1 / 5min × 6; <12 years of age, using the 1% atropine sulfate eye ointment points, 3 times / day × 3. For the former group 20 minutes after drug and 4 days for the latter group computer optometry was performed.Retinoscopy optometry was also performed to check the computer optometry results;Results with astigmatism power ≥ 0.5D was taken for statistical analysis.
Results The set of data with astigmatism ≥ 0.5 D were 10849, and the detection rate is 54.61%; There are 3828 cases of binocular astigmatism and 3193 cases of monocularastigmatism,accounting for 38.54% and 32.15% the number of subjects respectively; Astigmatism type: Among 6 and 7 year-old children compound hyperopia astigmatism is the majority, respectively 57.84% and 37.14%, Among 8 to18 year-old age groups compound myopic astigmatism is the majority. The incidence percentage increases with age from 44.79% among 8-year-old gradually to 84.43%among 18 year-old; Astigmatism axis: With-the-rule astigmatism is the majority and account for 79.12%, followed by against-the-rule astigmatism accounting for 12.03% and oblique astigmatism is the least which accounts for 8.85%. Astigmatism degree: 0.50 ~ 1.00DC accounts for 68.09%; ~ 2.00DC accounts for 19.69%; ~ 3.00DC accounts for 5.91%; ~ 4.00DC accounts for 3.18%, and > 4.00DC accounted fo3.13%.
Conclusion In Gansu Province, 6-18 years old 54.61% was diagnosed with astigmatism and astigmatism is a common cause of below normal vision. Hyperopia astigmatism is the majority among 7-year-old age group. Compound myopic astigmatism is the majority among students above 8. With-the-rule astigmatism is the majority of all types of astigmatism. Most astigmatism level lies between 0.50 and 1.00DC.