Objectives:
To describe the prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in a representative
sample of 3 to 6-year-old from Yuhua District, Nanjing, China. Methods: Five
thousand eight hundred eligible children in 29 kindergartens were identified.
Paticipants’ parents were asked to complete a comprehensive 117-item
questionnaire. The kindergartens were scheduled
for a comprehensive eye examination and in-clinic interview, if
necessary. Cover testing was performed at near and distance fixation with
spectacles if worn. Visual acuity was measured in both eyes with spectacle if
worn. Results:
Strabismus was diagnosed in 335 children (5.78% of the population). 40 children
(0.69%) had esotropia. 280 children (4.83%) had exotropia. In the latter, 82
children (29.29%) had constant exotropia, while 198 children (70.71%) had
intermittent exotropia. 1 child had pure hypertropia, 5 children had DVD (pure
and combined), and 6 children had pure Ⅳ cranial nerve palsy. 39 children (0.67%) were diagnosed with amblyopia. 26
children (0.45%) had unilateral amblyopia. Among them, 19 children had
unilateral anisometropic amblyopia, 3 children had unilateral strabismic
amblyopia, and 2 children had unilateral deprivational amblyopia. 13 children
(0.22%) had bilateral amblyopia. Conclusions: Exotropia was
shown to be more prevalent than esotropia in Yuhua District, Nanjing, China. On
one hand, the proportion of intermittent exotropia is high. On the
other hand, a relatively low prevalence of esotropia in a sample of 3 to
6-year-old children is documented. Amblyopia is mostly caused by abnormal
refractive error. The prevalence of amblyopia is relatively low in the
district.
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